Visual signals are any means of communication that require sight and can be used to transmit prearranged messages rapidly over short distances. This includes the devices and means used for the recognition and identification of friendly forces.
The most common types of visual signals are hand-and-arm, flag, pyrotechnic, and ground-to-air signals. However, Soldiers are not limited to the types of signals discussed and may use what is available. Chemical light sticks, flashlights, and other items can be used provided their use is standardized within a unit and understood by Soldiers and units working in the area.
Signal Similarity
Visual signals are generally contextual in nature. For example, the hand-and-arm signal for “take cover” and “slow down” are similar in their perspective movements, however the situation in which each is given is completely different. Hand-and-arm signals are not exclusive to dismounted or mounted formations as long as the message is sent and received accurately. The only limit is the Soldier’s initiative and creativity.
Visual signals have certain limitations—
- The range and reliability of visual communications are significantly reduced during periods of poor visibility and when terrain restricts observation.
- They may be misunderstood.
- They are vulnerable to enemy interception and may be used for deception purposes.
Weapon Control
Unless otherwise depicted, the Soldier’s individual weapon has been removed from the figure for clarity. Soldiers must maintain positive control of their weapon at all times. If it is not feasible to perform the proper hand-and-arm signal while maintaining positive control, an alternate signal should be used with the non-firing hand. In the event that the Soldier must use both hands to perform a signal, the weapon will be moved to the hang or sling arms position.
Next Page : Chapter 1 – Hand-and-Arm Signals for Dismount Operations